Anasyrma (Apotropaic Vulva Magic): An Historical Perspective

Women from Estonia who stood up outside the Russian embassy in Tallinn on April 13th, 2022

On April 13th, 2022, Knut Høibraaten posted the image above to Facebook, with the comment: “The women from Estonia who stood up outside the Russian embassy in Tallinn this morning, in protest against the Grotesque rapes in Ukraine, are potentially the strongest demonstration I have seen.” In fact, this is but the most recent example of an ancient and abiding kind of protective protest magic and ritual theatre.

Apotropaic vulva magic — the oldest magic, the original religion, the primary reverence pattern — meant to turn away harm or evil influences, increase abundance, fertility and prosperity, was deployed to great advantage by women in history but condemned by Bible patriarchs as ‘abomination.’ Jeremiah 44 tells the tale of how he threatened the Jewish populace for persisting in their Goddess-revering patterns whereby the women would bake little cakes impressed with the downward-pointing triangle (international magical vulva symbol) for their Goddess-revering harvest festivals:

“Have you forgotten the wickedness of your fathers and of the kings of Judah and their wives, as well as the wickedness that you and your wives committed in the land of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem? To this day they have not humbled themselves or shown reverence, nor have they followed My instruction or the statutes that I set before you and your fathers.

“Therefore this is what the LORD of Hosts, the God of Israel, says: I will set My face to bring disaster and to cut off all Judah. And I will take away the remnant of Judah who have resolved to go to the land of Egypt to reside there; they will meet their end. They will all fall by the sword or be consumed by famine. From the least to the greatest, they will die by sword or famine; and they will become an object of cursing and horror, of vilification and reproach. I will punish those who live in the land of Egypt, just as I punished Jerusalem, by sword and famine and plague, so that none of the remnant of Judah who have gone to reside in Egypt will escape or survive to return to the land of Judah, where they long to return and live; for none will return except a few fugitives.”…” (Jeremiah 44: 10–15)

But the Jewish women (AND their men) were resistant to letting go of the good magic they’d lived by for thousands of years, ever since the earliest days of the Hebrew tribes as a distinct people:

“As for the word you have spoken to us in the name of the LORD, we will not listen to you! Instead, we will do everything we vowed to do: We will burn incense to the Queen of Heaven and offer drink offerings to her, just as we, our fathers, our kings, and our officials did in the cities of Judah and in the streets of Jerusalem. At that time we had plenty of food and good things, and we saw no disaster. But from the time we stopped burning incense to the Queen of Heaven and pouring out drink offerings to her, we have lacked everything and have been perishing by sword and famine.” (Jeremiah 44: 16–18)

Stringent times demand more direct action than baking hot vulva buns for the spring equinox, however, as portrayed in the Neoclassical painting by Frans Francken the Younger, below:

Anasyrma in action: fantastic painting Bravery of the Persian Women by Frans Francken the Younger (c 1600). These women changed the course of war by collectively revealing their #vulvas to their fellow men, who were attempting to flee from battle with the Median forces. Fast forward hundreds of years and nineteenth-century women in China would stand on the top of the city wall and expose their genitals to frighten away enemies. In 1958, 7,000 women in west Cameroon, Africa raised their skirts in an incredible display of #yoni power to protest against government regulations changing for the worse the way the women farmed their land. The women won. Anasyrma – deliberately raising the skirt to reveal one’s womanhood – is the oldest, proudest female power gesture used individually and collectively by women for millennia to protect their families, homes, communities, fertility and way of life – and [if the Black Lives Matter protester’s vulva-flashing gesture is any indication] it’s making a comeback. (Catherine Blackledge, 15 November Facebook post)

‘Bravery of the Persian Women’ by Frans Francken the Younger (c 1600)

Vulva-flashing deities and magical figures were carved into the portals and lintels of churches and cathedrals across Europe from the early medieval period as protective talismans of apotropaic magic, including Irish Sheela-na-gigs, classical fish or serpent-tailed Aphrodite, French Melusine, and Nordic/Germanic Freya images:

Carving over church doors

The Spartan Women also practiced Anasyrma to great effect, and one woman (a dancer) during the Black Lives Matter protests in the wake of the George Floyd police murder. (Cameron Frew, ‘Naked Woman Squares Up To Police During Black Lives Matter Protest,’ Unilad, 20 Jul 2020) Birth magic (vulva magic) trumps the war magic of the male warrior gods and all-male lodges and warrior cults. Basically, in the logics of magical systems everywhere, the primary magic is the Nemesis; the magic that made you can ‘un-make’ you — can scuttle all your potency, all your prophylactic spells and purity rituals, all your invulnerability and protections, all your plans — like Krypton to Superman. This is why creative birth (or vulva) magic has been cast as ‘pollution’ by these self-same cults of war, male warrior spirituality and all-male orders.

Naked Woman Squares Up To Police During Black Lives Matter Protest

There was a moment in history, in all (now) male-dominated societies and the religions that prop them up (‘Cattle Cults,’ in anthropological terms), when the assets, property and agency of women are expropriated and ‘nationalized’ to the closest male relative or spouse, and all her power and freedom with it — as portrayed in Atwood’s Handmaid’s Tale as the first state move Gilead makes. The Chalice and the Blade by Rianne Eisler sets out the agenda and the timeline. She is the founder of Partnership Studies, with her book The Partnership Way acting as its flagship. She documents the shift — historically, economically and ideologically — as had Mary Daly (GynEcology: The Metaethics of Radical Feminism) and Merlin Stone (When God Was a Woman) before her.

For Judeo-Christianity, this moment happened around 50 BCE, that put an end to the last remaining cultural conventions and protocols of the culture, society and religion of the Great Goddesses in the Near and Middle East (Asherah, Astarte, Ashtoreth, Anat, Isis, Ishtar etc.). The nurture-centred role of the original temple, that the Old Testament patriarchs railed against with bone-chilling threats and blood-curdling violence as ‘abomination’ and ‘pollution,’ was finally destroyed. This socio-economic/magico-religious move (and abiding curse) cast the die for Christendom and the imperial West to appropriate and oppress Woman’s estate going forward.

The Taliban are doing it, again, now, in Afghanistan. Russian troops and the Orthodox Church are setting the groundwork for such Human Rights abuses both within Russia and the lands they have invaded, with rape, sexual abuse and humiliation as their advance guard in their war against women, other sovereign persons and nations.

Published by Yvonne Owens, PhD

Yvonne Owens is a past Research Fellow at the University College of London, and Professor of Art History and Critical Studies at the Victoria College of Art, Victoria, BC. She was awarded a Marie Curie Ph.D. Fellowship in 2005 for her interdisciplinary dissertation on Renaissance portrayals of women in art and sixteenth-century Witch Hunt discourses. She holds an Honours B.A. with Distinctions in History of Art from the University of Victoria, British Columbia, an M.A. in Medieval Studies with Distinction from The Centre For Medieval Studies at the University of York, U.K., and an M.Phil. and Ph.D. in History of Art from University College of London. Her publications to date have mainly focused on representations of women and the gendering of evil "defect" in classical humanist discourses, cross-referencing these figures to historical art, natural philosophy, medicine, theology, science and literature. Her essay, “The Saturnine History of Jews and Witches,” appeared in Preternature (Vol. 3, No. 1) in 2014, her book chapter, "Pollution and Desire in Hans Baldung Grien: The Abject, Erotic Spell of the Witch and Dragon" appeared in Angeliki Pollali and Berthold Hub, Eds., Images of Sex and Desire in Renaissance Art and Modern Historiography, her essay "The Hags, Harridans, Viragos and Crones of Hans Baldung Grien" was published as part of the Hans Baldung Grien: New perspectives on his work, International Conference Proceedings (October 18-20, 2018), Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe in 2019, and her book, Abject Eroticism in Northern Renaissance Art: the Witches and Femme Fatales of Hans Baldung Grien, Bloomsbury London, in 2020. She also writes art and cultural criticism, exploring contemporary post-humanist discourses in art, literature and new media. She is Editor for an anthology of essays titled Trans-Disciplinary Migrations: Science, the Sacred, and the Arts, forthcoming from Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

Leave a comment